Gene mutation
gene mutations, including chromosomal aberrations Mutations are changes in the genetic makeup of a cell. An error resulting from a change in a single base is a point mutation. Point mutation falls into two categories: base-pair substitutions and base-pair insertions or deletion. ... Substitution mutations are usually missense mutation where the altered codons still code for amino acids. If a point mutation changes a codon for an amino acid into a codon that signals terminations, translation will be terminated prematurely making the polypeptide shorter than the polypeptide encoded by the normal gene.