networking
... A networking capability allows the software in computer system to exchange information such as sending a file from one computer to another; communicating by e-mail among network users for example and sharing resources on the network such as printers and backup tape drives. Networking is important to almost every organisation of two or more people who communicate and share information. ... Networking is a system that includes the physical transfer of information as well as the scheme for controlling that transfer. ... Therefore a networking system has these components: 1. A networking that handles the transfer. ... Networking hardware that handles the physical connection. ... A networking standard or protocol that handles the identification and addressing. Networking technologies exist in many different forms. ... Q (3) NETWORK TOPOLOGIES In networking, the term topology refers to the layout of connected devices on a network; it can be referred to as a network’s ‘shape’. ... A LAN supplies networking capability to a group of computers in close proximity to each other such as in an office building, a school, or a home. ... Q (4b) The primary networking technologies use one of three types of cabling, each of which has several considerations: Thin coax for 10Base2, unshielded twisted-pair for 10Baset and 100bBaseT, Fibre-optic for 10BaseF and100BaseF. Thin Coax The cable used for 10Base2 networking is a coaxial type and is smaller in diameter than the cable used for 10Base5, 10Base2’s predecessor, which was thick and hard to handle. ... * RG-59/U is used with cable TV systems and has a 75 ohm impedance *RG-62/U is used with ARCnet networking and has a 93 ohm impedance It is important to use the correct cable for an intended function. ... The Ethernet standard has grown to encompass new technologies as computer networking has matured, but the mechanics of operation for every Ethernet network today stem from Metcalfe’s original design. ... Protocols In networking, the term protocol refers to a set of rules that govern communications. ... Switches are the modern counterparts of bridges, functionally equivalent but offering a dedicated segment for every node on the network Routers are advanced networking components that can divide a single network into two logically separate networks. ... Routers operate based on protocols that are independent of the specific networking technology, like Ethernet or Token Ring.