Indulgences
INDULGENCES: Forgiveness for Money I. WHAT IS THE DOCTRINE OF INDULGENCES? ... What Indulgences is not. ... Types of Indulgences 1. ... ” “Finally—beginning in the 11th century–the possibility of providing for the multiple works of piety through the imposition of a donation as a condition for the remission of punishment, even outside the sacrament, led the way to indulgences in the strict sense of the term, i. ... ” (The Historical Origin of Indulgences) ☛ 1063 - To rouse Christians to fight the Moors, Alexander II granted remission of punishment for those who fought ☛ 1095 - At the Council of Clermont, Urban II declared that participation in the Crusade was equivalent to a complete penance ☛ 1145 - Declaration repeated by Eugene III ☛ 1145 - Gregory VIII - Plenary Indulgence could be gained by those who provided someone to take their place or who contributed to the expense of the Crusade ☛ 1350 - The faithful had begun to apply the plenary indulgences they had been granted to the souls of the dead. ... He, also, granted indulgences for those who would pay 200 maravedi of the Crusade against the Moors ☛ 1476 - Sixtus IV granted a Bull for the cathedral of Saintes France, valid for 10 years, with plenary indulgence for the living, and also for the dead. (The Historical Origin of Indulgences) ☛ The idea of indulgence was formulated by Alexander of Hales in the 13th century. ... Piety was expressed in several ways: ✓ Confraternities and Associations ✓ More singing, reciting, and praying for the dead in cemeteries ✓ Visiting sacred images and relics ✓ Attendance at Mass, celebrations of patron saints, anniversaries, and dedications ✓ Visiting altars, chapels, shrines ✓ Indulgences were used to build or restore churches, hospitals, leprosariums, charitable institutions and schools, roads and bridges. (The Historical Origin of Indulgences) ABUSES _ Preachers dared to promise that the damned would be released from hell _ Permission began to be given to Catholic kings and princes to keep for themselves considerable parts of the alms collected. ... (Story of the Church 195) ■ Johann Tetzel, a Dominican friar, sold indulgences in central Germany and on the borders of Saxony and made claims of full efficacy, even in purgatory. ... (Story of the Church 195) ■ Luther: On October 31,1517, he published ninety-five theses concerning indulgences as a part of an academic discussion at the university where he taught.