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European Union Project |
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General Background The European Union The European Union is a framework to construct a more economically united Europe. The EU is unique in the fact that it is a treaty-based, institutional framework that defines and manages both economic and political cooperation among its fifteen European member countries (Chapter 1, 11/16/00). ... The treaty establishing the first European Community now known as the European Coal and Steel Community was signed on April 18, 1951 (Seven key days in the making of Europe, 11/9/00). ... Two treaties were negotiated to establish a European Economic Community (EEC). ... The European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) was also created. The ECSC, Euratom, and the EEC collectively became known as the European Community (Chapter 1, 11/16/00). ... The European Community was transformed into the European Union on November 1, 1992 (Seven key days in the making of Europe, 11/9/00). ... On May 2, 1998 eleven European Union Member States qualified to launch the Euro. On January 1, 1999 the Euro, the first currency of the union, was launched (EU Guide-Milestones, 11/16/00). There are now fifteen independent member states in the present day European Union. They are as follows: · Austria · Belgium · Denmark · Finland · France · Germany · Greece · Ireland · Italy · Luxembourg · The Netherlands · Portugal · Spain · Sweden · United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (European Union (EU, EC), 11/27/00) Goals and Objectives The fundamental goal of the European Union is to create a close union among the peoples of Europe (Chapter 1, 11/16/00). ... The main objectives are: · To promote economic and social progress · To assert the identity of the European Union on the international scene · To introduce European citizenship · To develop an area of freedom, security, and justice · To maintain and build on established EU law” (The ABC of the European Union, 11/9/00). The idea was to create a union strong in times of peace and allies in times of war. ... Membership Union membership is open to any European Country with stable democratic government, a good human rights record, a properly functioning market economy, and the macroeconomic fitness to fulfill the obligations of membership. ... The rules and regulations of the European Union are known as the “Acquis Communautaire” (Chapter 1, 11/16/00). Analysis of Present Situation The Growth Of The Union In the first four decades after forming, the European Union grew from having only six member countries to its now fifteen member Countries. The Union is expected to grow to more than twenty-five member countries within the next few years. This will be the first time in history that nearly all the people of Europe will be joined in a single union by free and democratic consent (Chapter 6, 11/16/00). The process of enlargement of the European Union was launched on March 30, 1998. ... Turkey, though not in the list pending membership, has a close relationship with the European Union but is not ready for the transition as of yet (Chapter 6, 11/16/00). Cooperation in the Union The whole idea behind the European Union was the fact that many countries would join together for the betterment of all those involved. ... A Union of separate communities not countries is how many are phrasing the ideal that the EU is trying to achieve. In the effort to remain separate, yet govern the new existing body as a whole, five institutions were put in place in the European Union: the European Parliament, the Council, the Commission, the Court of Justice, and the Court of Auditors. The European Parliament is comprised of 626 members whom are directly elected in EU-wide elections for five-year terms (Chapter 2, 11/27/00). The 626 members represent some 375 million European citizens in the fifteen Member Countries. ... The Parliament acts as the European Union’s public forum, debating issues of public importance and questioning the commission and the Council. ... adopt European laws. ... It exercises political supervision over all institutions (Institutions of the European Union, 11/27/00). The council of the European Union, sometimes known as the Council of Ministers, has no equivalent anywhere in the world (EU Institutions, 11/27/00). |
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Title: European Union Project
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