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Papers > History > Similarities and differencies in surgery over time
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Similarities and differencies in surgery over time |
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Since the beginning of time the way surgeons treat you has altered. ... Since the beginning of the middle ages there have been many developments in surgery. ... I the Middle Ages surgery was viewed as a last resort, now doctors/surgeons have become confident in performing complicated operations such as organ transplants. The reluctance to perform surgery in the Middle Ages did not mean that no surgical advances were made. ... A major problem with advancements in surgery in this period was the communications, this was overcome in later centuries. ... During the Industrial revolution ways were found to decrease the pain of surgery, which were more effective than the potentially fatal opium used previously. ... Throughout history the funding of surgeons has been quite rare, so governments have had little to do with the development of surgery through time. ... Surgical Operations in the middle Ages Surgery in the middle ages was performed as a last resort, surgery was known to be successful in cases of breast cancer, fistula, haemorrhoids, gangrene, and cataracts, as well as tuberculosis of the lymph glands in the neck. The most common form of surgery was bloodletting; it was meant to restore the balance of fluids in the body. Some of the potions used to relieve pain or induce sleep during the surgery were themselves potentially lethal. ... Doctors were expensive and many did not practise surgery as it was regarded as a menial task. ... A common surgeon would be a Barber-surgeon, who would perform a variety of tasks including, cutting and shaving hair, extracting teeth, lancing boils, setting broken bones bloodletting and amputations, using razors which were used for both surgery and cutting and shaving hair. ... The Industrial Revolution Knowledge and Training in the Industrial Revolution There was little change in the way surgeons were trained and their knowledge of surgery between the Renaissance period and the industrial revolution. Surgical Operations in the Industrial Revolution Until the mid-19th century, surgery was extremely painful, although methods of Alcohol and Opium were attempted, they where not effective anaesthetics. ... Aseptic surgery meant a germ free environment could be obtained in operating theatres. ... While still a young boy he became a barber surgeon’s apprentice at a time when surgery was a specialisation within the barbering profession. ... He was taught anatomy and surgery and in 1537 he was employed as an army surgeon. He became a very successful military surgeon, because France was in a Civil War, therefore having plenty of opportunities to practise his surgery. ... Pare was one of the first surgeons to discard the practice of castrating patients who required hernia surgery. ... Lister’s principle, that bacteria must never gain entry to an operation wound, remains basic to modern surgery. ... He had previously sprayed it into the air above the site of surgery but soon found that germs in the air were of less consequence than those that came directly into contact with wounds. ... In 1869 Lister was appointed to the chair of clinical surgery at Edinburgh University and remained there until his similar appointment at King’s College. ... It became accepted in medicine that his method added greatly to the safety of operative surgery. ... By the late 1890s his antiseptic methods developed into aseptic surgery. |
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Title: Similarities and differencies in surgery over time
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