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Papers > History > Was Religion or Finance the main cause of the failure of Personal Rule in 1640
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Was Religion or Finance the main cause of the failure of Personal Rule in 1640 |
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In 1640, after eleven years of running the country by himself, King Charles I was forced to call a Parliament. Many factors and events had caused this decision but problems over religion and finance were dominant amongst them. In order to rule without recourse to Parliament Charles I had to solve serious financial problems. ... For the first few years of Personal Rule these fines, in addition to cost-cutting and Ordinary Revenue, allowed the King to rule comfortably. ... As these taxes were largely used-up by 1634 it is hard to see how they could be blamed for the failure of Personal Rule six years later. ... In order to maintain Personal Rule a more stable and long-term tax was required and this began in 1634. ... As a tax Ship Money was largely irrelevant by 1640 and thus the whole basis of the King’s finances were ruined. Nevertheless, by itself, this situation could not have ended Personal Rule. ... Just as long as Charles did not face an expensive crisis, such as a war, he would probably have been able to maintain Personal Rule for several more years and, possibly, come up with a replacement for Ship Money. Unfortunately for Charles I an expensive crisis was precisely what he faced in 1639 and 1640, and this was the result of a religious policy which also alienated many of the Gentry. For many people, especially those of a Puritan persuasion, ‘innovations’ in Religion during Personal Rule were a source of deep frustration and anger. ... However anti-catholicism was not unusual for the time and by itself would not have ended Personal Rule. ... To a wider public therefore the trial of Prynne, Burton and Bastwick were a symbol of what could await anyone who did not ‘tow the line’ during Personal Rule. 1637 was a turning point in the period of Personal Rule. ... It would be another event of that year which would fuse together the developing crisis in policies towards religion and finance and lead to a test of public support which would bring Personal Rule crashing down in 1640: Laud introduced the new Prayer Book into Scotland. |
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Title: Was Religion or Finance the main cause of the failure of Personal Rule in 1640
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