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Trans European Networks |
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Contents CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 3 TRANS – EUROPEAN NETWORKS (TEN) 5 THE CONCEPT OF TEN AND ITS DEVELOPMENT 5 THE TEN WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE TREATY 6 DEFINITION OF TRANS – EUROPEAN TRANSPORT NETWORKS 7 THE ROLE AND ARCHITECTURE OF TRANS-EUROPEAN TRANSPORT NETWORKS 8 EUROPEAN COMMUNITY’S GUIDELINES FOR TRANS-EUROPEAN TRANSPORT NETWORKS 9 GIS IMPLEMENTED IN FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION IN THE TEN-T ENVIRONMENT. ... Such a development of transport policies within the framework of the European Community is indicative of the importance of common transport policy into any kind of economic unions followed by the respective problems arising from the creation of pan-national transport policies . ... Accelerating progress in the area of transport occurred with the advent of the Single European Act and continued until the Maastricht Treaty , since the Community was focusing on the prospect of completing a common market in commodities as well as services and transport services in particular. ... The measures that were adopted in transport infrastructure after 1992 supported the internal market program that aimed at the development of a trans-European network and full liberalization of the markets for road, sea and transport . Trans-European Networks for transport, telecommunications and energy infrastructure were adopted in order to serve the purpose of the completion of the single market while achieving cohesion and to “enable the citizens of the Union, business and local communities to get the full benefit of a frontier-free Europe”. Trans-European Networks (TENs) that include energy, telecommunications, the environment and transport, are being established to transform 15 individual networks into a single network on a European dimension . The present paper will focus only in the Trans-European Transport Network, without analyzing the aspects of TENs that have to do with energy and telecommunications. Trans – European Networks (TEN) The concept of TEN and its development The 1990s saw the start of the European Union’s involvement in infrastructure policy, first of all as an objective pursued through other activities and then as a responsibility conferred directly upon it with the entry into force of the Maastricht Treaty. ... The structure of national transport networks shows that European traffic passes through connected national subsystems rather than through a proper European system operating as a function of the single market. Consequently, the role of Trans-European Networks is to be developed as instrument for market integration and socio-economic cohesion, since a more integrated transport system can help assure that the peripheral, remote or less developed regions can be fully integrated in European economic life. The TEN within the framework of the Treaty Title XII of the treaty on European Union makes provision for Trans-European Networks. ... The European Community is to contribute to the establishment and development of such networks by promoting “the interconnection and interoperability of national networks as well as access to such networks”. ... Moreover, in the second paragraph of article 129c is given the power to Union to adopt any measures, which may prove necessary to ensure the interoperability of the networks, specifically in the field of technical standardization. ... Definition of Trans – European Transport Networks Trans-European Transport Networks (TEN-T) are key transport corridors that are intended as primary route networks linking the different regions of the member states and qualify for assistance in terms of both improvement as well as offsetting the environmental issues that arise out of such improvements . ... The TEN label is assigned to existing or planned transport routes, which can be built with EU financial support (along with national and private funding) to harmonized standards, so that Community and national investment can be coordinated and channeled into projects with high European added value. ... The role and architecture of Trans-European Transport Networks The commission faces TEN-T as a trigger for the recovery of the European economy. ... Moreover, this role is imposed from the future expansion of the European Union of 15. In the future the European Union is going to consist of 25 Member States. ... European Community’s guidelines for Trans-European Transport Networks The Copenhagen European Council was the one that launched the first guidelines relevant to TEN-T. ... After many problems and the entrance in European Union of Austria, Sweden and Finland the European Council, in its report referred to 35 projects that were distinguished in two major categories; priority projects, that had begun or would begin by 1996 and other important projects. The list of the fourteen projects that were pre-selected by the Essen European Council (9-10 December 1997) were: 1. ... West coast main rail line (UK) The 14 aforementioned projects are dispersed all over the European Union, as it is shown in the picture that follows: Source: http://international. ... htm Unfortunately, the pace of work is slow and the work is not advancing as rapidly as it was expected when the idea of Trans-European Transport Networks was launched. ... Because of such great delays in the Trans-European transport network projects these guidelines were revised, in 2001, from European Parliament and Council, in order to amend the Decision No 1692/96/EC. ... The new specific projects were selected by the Commission on the basis of projects in progress or at the design stage which already appear in the outline plans of the guidelines adopted in 1996 and concerning which the Member States and the European Parliament have expressed particular interest. ... Global satellite radio-navigation and positioning system (Galileo): Galileo is a global system, which has a great deal of potential for traffic management and information for the users of Trans-European Networks. ... Interoperability of the Iberian high-speed rail network: This project is necessary for the reason that the existing rail gauge in Iberian Peninsula significantly differs from the rest of Trans-European Transport Network. ... This project consists of plans for creation of high-speed lines, which include the construction of new lines and upgrading of existing ones, and adaptation of the rail gauge of the Iberian network to European standards, which will improve the links between Spain and Portugal and the rest of TEN-T. Although the European Parliament and Council has recently revised the guidelines that concern the TEN-T, the Commission has set itself the target of putting the corresponding proposal forward in 2004. ... In these maps, it can be seen how the road network and railway network will be expanded in European Union by 2010. ... In particular, a GIS software, called NODUS, which is applied in the field of freight transportation over long distances, has been developed for the Trans-European Transport Network. |
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