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Mechanisms of Civil Military Relations
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Mechanisms of Civil-Military Relations
Standing armies, led by a professionally trained officer corps, are one of the most visible and powerful institutions associated with the evolution and consolidation of the modern nation-state. With the expansion of democracy around the world since the end of the Cold War ushering in a new era of civil military relations. For many societies, the Cold War enhanced the role of the military, which then lead to the growth of the professional officer corps. As the Cold War has faded, both the emerging democratic governments and their respective militaries have struggled to clearly define the role of the military within the national polity, while at the same time reducing the need for military intervention into domestic politics. In order to do so, we must examine the models of successful modern civil-military relations, i. ... the NATO countries and the State of Israel, and most specifically what are the mechanisms that each state employs to both ensure the expertise of the professional military, and the maintenance of democratic freedoms and institutions.
The idea of military professionalism came into being with the creation of the post-Napoleonic military model. ... The adoption of this new model, as well as the establishment of military colleges and the development of military professionalism has lead to the creation of a defined military corporate culture. Traditionally, this military culture emphasizes loyalty, self-sacrifice, obedience, and perhaps most importantly, patriotism. ...
The question therefore becomes this: How do nations successfully intertwine military cultural trends, as well as its role as the state’s defender from foreign and domestic threats, with democratic institutions and traditions? ... The first step to establishing civilian supremacy over the military comes with the very definition of what the role of the armed forces is to be. Civilian control means that the policies and procedures governing military affairs, at home and abroad, during peace and war, from matters of great magnitude like grand strategy to matters of minor detail such the as penalty for an infraction of the rules by a private at some distant post are determined by civilian authorities. Ideally, the militarys institutional preference--and frequently its insistence--that it be given only purely "military" tasks to perform, that it not be expected to do things that arent properly military, and that it be judged accordingly. This would seem to confine the military’s function to undertaking actions against external threats to the state. However, current trends towards military deployment and expansion of expansion beyond traditional military roles, like fighting terrorism and international peacekeeping.
In order to completely make the military accountable to civilian control, a strict hierarchy or chain of command must be devolved from civilian politicians to the general staffs or army leaders.
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Paper Information
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Title: Mechanisms of Civil Military Relations
Words: 2241
Rating: None
Pages: 9
submitted by: apm42003
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