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DEFINITION OF PSYCHOLOGY AND ETC |
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The Definition of "Psychology" by Gene Zimmer The word "psychology" is the combination of two terms - study (ology) and soul (psyche), or mind. ... The subject of psychology, as studied in colleges and universities, currently has very little to do with the mind, and absolutely nothing to do with the soul or spirit. ... Most would also agree they have a "soul" per the second definition above relating to mans mental, moral or emotional nature. ... Psychology Definition Altered Lets return now to the dictionary definitions of "psychology". ... mental characteristics, can you understand his psychology? ... the mental factors governing a situation or activity (the psychology of crime) Definition 1 has slyly added the idea of "affecting behavior". The original definition had nothing to do with this. ... In actual practice, modern psychology deals almost exclusively with physiology (brain chemistry, neurology, genetics) and the behavior of the biological organism (stimulus-response), completely disregarding and ignoring the mind (mans inner self, and more to the point, mans true and vital self). The dictionaries will sooner or later remove the concept of "mind" completely from the definition following the lead of "official" psychology as taught in western universities and colleges. ... Lets return to the correct definition of the word. Adhering to the strict definition of the word, psychology would involve the study of mans invisible world as described above, and nothing else. By definition this is what the study would deal with. ... Of course, relations to behavior could be studied, and relations to brain activity could be studied, but the subject in itself, by definition is or should be the study of the mind or soul. A more correct name for the modern subjects of psychology and psychiatry would be "people control" because thats what they actually are. ... The History of Psychology For thousands of years psychology existed under the name of philosophy. ... In India all forms of Yoga, which are essentially psychology, are described as one of the six systems of philosophy. ... It is because modern psychology, psychiatry and affiliated proponents of modern materialistic "science" have successfully applied black PR them to such a large degree. ... It will become very obvious that modern western psychology has little to do with that incredible universe that exists a few inches behind your forehead. ... The point is not whether any of these are perfect studies or completed the task of researching the mind, but that the possibility for such a study exists, has been done before in various ways and degrees, and that modern psychology (and psychiatry) has nothing to do with this field. ... Areas of Specialization in Psychology The psychology major provides its students with both a liberal arts education and the opportunity to explore specific areas of psychology in which they have special interests. ... Described below are some specialty areas in psychology that require graduate education. (See also APAs Psychology/Careers for the Twenty-first Century: Scientific Problem Solvers.) This is by no means an exhaustive list of specialties in psychology, and if you wish to see a descriptoin of a particular area, please feel free to write and ask about it. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY: Clinical psychologists assess and treat people with psychological problems. ... They are trained in universities or professional schools of psychology. ... (See also Counseling Psychology.) COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY: Counseling psychologists do many of the same things that clinical psychologists do. ... They may be trained in Psychology Departments or in Schools of Education. ... (See also Clinical Psychology.) DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: Developmental psychologists study how we develop intellectually, socially, and emotionally over the lifespan. ... EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: Educational psychologists are concerned with the study of human learning. ... (See also School Psychology.) EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: This area includes a diverse group of psychologists who do research in the most basic areas of psychology (e. ... FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY: Forensic psychologists are involved in analyzing crime evidence and aiding law enforcement agencies in criminal investigations. See the brochure from the Psychology and Law division of the American Psychological Association, on this site, for useful information. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY: Health psychologists are concerned with psychologys contributions to the promotion and maintenance of good health and the prevention and treatment of illness. ... HUMAN FACTORS PSYCHOLOGY: Human Factors researchers study the human/machine interface. ... INDUSTRIAL/ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: Industrial/organizational psychologists are primarily concerned with the relationships between people and their work environments. ... PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY: Physiological psychologists study the physiological correlates of behavior. ... SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY: School psychologists are involved in enhancing the development of children in educational settings. ... (See also Educational Psychology.) SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Social psychologists study how our beliefs, feelings, and behaviors are affected by other persons. ... The psychology department provides its students with both a well-rounded education and the opportunity to explore specific areas of psychology in which they have special interests. ... The following description of 15 of these areas (from APAs Careers in Psychology booklet) will serve as an introduction for students who are pursuing careers that require graduate education in a specialized area of psychology. ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: Environmental psychologists are concerned with the relations between psychological processes and physical environments ranging from homes and offices to urban areas and regions. ... FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY: Family psychologists are concerned with the prevention of family conflict, the treatment of marital and family problems, and the maintenance of normal family functioning. ... REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY: Rehabilitation psychologists work with people who have suffered physical deprivation or loss at birth or during later development as a result of damage or deterioration of function (e. ... PSYCHOMETRICS and QUANTITATIVE PSYCHOLOGY: Psychometric and quantitative psychologists are concerned with the methods and techniques used to acquire and apply psychological knowledge. ... Quantitative psychologist assist researchers in psychology or other fields to design experiments or interpret their results. ... PSYCHOLOGY AND THE LAW and FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY: Psychology and the law studies legal issues from a psychological perspective (e. ... ACADEMIC FIELDS OF SPECIALIZATION IN PSYCHOLOGY Career Areas in Psychology Today "Perspectives" in psychology describe the basic assumptions that psychologists make in trying to work through problems. ... The psychological perspectives do not define the career areas in psychology. When we think about career areas in psychology, it is useful to break them down into two groups: applied fields and research (basic psychology or academic) fields. Research psychologists are concerned with finding new information to extend the scientific basis of psychology. ... Some psychologists, such as the author of this page, have interests on both sides of psychology. That is, they are interested both in extending the scientific basis of psychology and in applying psychological principles to help others in need of such help. Therefore, the academic/research and applied sides of psychology are not mutually exclusive. The table below lists some of the major research/academic and applied fields in psychology. ... How Psychology Divides Up Into Research and Applied Fields Research/Academic Fields (about 21% altogether) Applied Psychology Fields (about 78 % altogether) Experimental Psychology Clinical Psychology (36%) Developmental Psychology Counseling Psychology (12%) Social Psychology Industrial/Organizational Psychology (15%) Educational Psychology School Psychology (15%) Biological (Physiological) Psychology Careers in Psychology There is great diversity within psychology. Following are brief summaries of some of the major areas in which you can concentrate your psychology studies. ... The last five areas of psychology described here: Family Psychology, Health Psychology, Geropsychology, Forensic Psychology, and Psychology of Men and Women, are either emerging or expanding and should provide an increasing number of jobs in the coming years. ... s awarded in psychology by subfield and the percentage of psychology doctorates by subfield. Clinical Psychology Clinical psychologists assess and treat mental and emotional disorders. ... Opportunities in clinical psychology are expanding relative to populations that have not been served well in the past: children, families, the elderly, inmates, inner-city residents, ethnic groups, and rural dwellers. ... People with masters and bachelors degrees may not independently practice psychology. ... Community Psychology Community psychologists are concerned with everyday behavior in natural settings -- the home, the neighborhood, and the workplace. ... Scientific Approach to research in psychology RESEARCH: NONEXPERIMENTAL METHODS I. Psychology is the science of human behavior because we want to: A. ... Objective: "just the facts" take special care to avoid anthropomorphism (also known as the anthropomorphic fallacy): giving animals human characteristics (warmth, genius, etc. ... Definition of the simple experiment: a research tool that allows scientists to find out whether a treatment influences (causes) a given behavior or mental characteristic by randomly assigning some participants to get the treatment and other participants to not receive the treatment. ... Psychology is the science of human behavior because we want to: A. ... Objective: "just the facts" take special care to avoid anthropomorphism (also known as the anthropomorphic fallacy): giving animals human characteristics (warmth, genius, etc. ... Definition of the simple experiment: a research tool that allows scientists to find out whether a treatment influences (causes) a given behavior or mental characteristic by randomly assigning some participants to get the treatment and other participants to not receive the treatment. ... A standard psychology textbook would tell you that psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and human behavior. Another class of confusion surrounding the definition of psychology has to do with the question "Is psychology a science? ... Psychology as a formal science was born in the year 1879, when Wilhelm Wundt established the first official psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. ... Almost every psychology graduate program teaches the scientific methods of conducting psychological studies. But on the other hand, a graduate education in psychology prepares individuals for a much broader range of career opportunities than just academic research. ... It sounds right to say that psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental process of, but not limited to, human beings. Under this umbrella are numerous psychology sub-fields. Clinical psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, and social psychology are just several well-know examples. ... (See "Defining Areas and Sub-fields of Psychology") Psychology has many relatives, too. |
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