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Life science plants |
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Plants Life science 7th grade Jr high Chapter 1 Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even other plants. ... Both humans and animals benefit from plants. We eat many different types of plants such as fruits and vegetables. We also use plants for our herbs. Plants are also used to manufacture many different products such as shampoos, rubber, paper, and camera film. ... Animals use plants in many different ways also. They eat many fruits and other plants. Many animals use plants for shelter. Plants also provide animals with protection from predators. The destruction of different plants sometimes leads to animals becoming endangered or extinct. The basic structure of plants consists of roots, stem, leaves, flower and/or fruit or seeds. ... Most plants can be divided into one of two general categories: herbaceous or woody plants. Herbaceous plants have soft stems, while woody plants are tree-like. Herbaceous plants produce completely new stems each year. ... Some herbaceous plants survive periods of cold by forming underground bulbs, or tubers used for food storage. Many herbaceous plants complete their life cycles within one growing season and the whole plant dies, even the roots. These annuals produce seeds that will form new plants the next year. Land plants are divided into two groups based on whether they have vascular tissues or not. All nonvascular plants are placed in one division. There are nine divisions of vascular plants. ... Division Bryophyta - nonvascular plants Class - Musci - the mosses Division Pterophyta - ferns, group of seedless plants Division Coniferophyta - cone-forming seed plants Division Anthophyta - fruit-forming seed plants Class - Monocotyledonae Class - Dicotyledonae Chapter 2 ROOTS Roots help to anchor a plant in the ground. ... Plants generally conform to one of two root systems, a taproot system or a fibrous root system. ... Some plants, such as the tomato plant, can have a fibrous root system or a taproot system depending on how the plant was grown. ... Plants take in water from the soil through their roots. ... Land plants are divided into two groups based on whether they have vascular tissues or not. All nonvascular plants are placed in one division. There are nine divisions of vascular plants. ... They also serve as a storage area for plants. ... Herbaceous, non-woody, plants have vascular tissues arranged in bundles. ... The stems of herbaceous plants remain upright because of the structure of the cells in the stem. ... In woody plants, the phloem is located in a ring near the stem while the xylem is located more to the inside. ... Iris plants are rhizomatous-type plants. ... Runner plants develop from axillary buds on the crown of the mother plant under long-day photoperiodic conditions of summer. ... A single mother plant can produce up to 1000 daughter plants in a single season. ... Iris plants also have bulbs. ... Green plants are the only plants that produce oxygen and make food, which is called photosynthesis. ... From sunlight, green plants combine carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and oxygen. Green plants use sugar to make starch, fats and proteins. ... Plants also sleep at night by closing their stomata. ... When green plants absorb solar energy, they convert it to chemical energy. ... Without solar energy, plants could not grow, and life on earth would cease to exist. Chlorophyll, found in plants, is used to trap solar energy. ... The chemical equation for photosynthesis in green plants: light 6CO2 + 12H2O =====è C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H20 Currently, fossil fuels are our main source of useable energy on earth, but they are rapidly being depleted and one day may be non-existent. It is estimated, though, that all green plants on earth, together, convert 1. ... Plants that have little or no chlorophyll, about a tenth of all the worlds species, cannot manufacture their own food and must get it in some other way. |
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