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	Computer Terms
	Abbreviations, Acronyms and Terms Related to Computer Science Compiled By: Sharief Husain This is the most comprehensive index of computer-related terms, abbreviations and acronyms, with hundreds of different references in relation to computer science and the world of past and modern computing. ... Accuracy – The difference between the actual and computed value Acorn – A British-based computer company (now owned by Olivetti) – manufacturer of the Archimedes and RISC PC. ... Like Java, it does not matter which computer runs the component as long as it is capable of running a suitable web-browser like Internet Explorer. ... Aliasing – A term used to describe the jagged edges which are typical of bit-mapped graphics on a computer. ALOHA – This is Hawaiian for hello, and is the radio based computer network that links the Hawaiian islands. ... Analogue modem – Used to denote the conventional modems which change digital computer signals into the analogue sounds to send over conventional phone line. ... Apple – American based computer company – the first to establish GUI, and full colour display into the world of computing. ... Applications package – Software applications that can make your personal computer perform tasks. ... Archimedes Computer – Acorn’s 32-bit RISC computer. ... ATM (2) - Asynchronous transmission Mode – A network protocol which deals with computer data, video and audio. ... Audit trail – This is a record of things that have happened in a computer system like a DBMS, for example. ... Background printing – A computer printing a document whilst (usually) doing something else. ... Batch entry – A method where the data to be entered into the computer system is entered off line. ... Benchmarks – A performance test for hardware or software in a computer system, e. ... Bit map – Computer memory that represents a graphic image or text in a font etc. ... A metalanguage used to define some computer languages. ... Boot up – Getting the computer system started – can also be used to load utilities and other software. ... Bootstrapping – The process of loading the operating system into the computer. ... Bulletin board – A computer set up to receive and distribute messages over a network or phone system. ... CAD – Computer Aided Design – Object-orientated graphics package that is ideal for design engineers and architects etc. ... CAFS – Content Addressable File Store – (See associative Store) CAI – Computer Aided Instruction – Same as CAL. CAL – Computer Aided Learning – (or Computer Assisted Learning). ... CAM – Computer Aided Manufacturing – The use of computers in all stages of manufacturing (e. ... Carrier – The radio wave which carries the computer data over a satellite or other radio link. ... ) CASE – Computer Aided Software Engineering – Software to help with systems analysis design, and testing. ... CD-ROM – Compact Disc-Read Only Memory – An optical disc which can store video, audio and computer data. ... Centralized processing – Using a centralized computer facility as opposed to distributed processing. ... The computer’s memory and the registers from the processor(s) are often kept in the checkpoint file. ... CIM – Computer Integrated Manufacturer – All the data from the design via the construction of artifacts to stock control etc. ... Circuit switching – A method of sending messages where a dedicated physical path exists between the sending and receiving computer. ... CISC – Complex Instruction Set Computer – Contrast with RISC. ... Clerical errors – Common errors when people enter data into a computer system, for example ‘Clark’ typed instead of ‘Clarke’ CLI – Command Line Interpreter. ... Clock – A crystal-controlled oscillator to produce the clock pulses inside a computer. ... Clones – A computer manufactured by a third party which performs in ways identical (or better) than those computers manufactured by the original maker of the system. ... CNC – Computer Numerical Control – Drilling machines etc. controlled by a computer. ... Coding – Solving a problem using a computer language. ... Colour correction – Compensation for incorrect colour rendition in a video or computer-based image. ... COM Computer Output on Microfilm COM reader – A machine which can read computer output on microform. COM recorder - A machine which transfers data from the computer system (disk etc. ... Commissioning – Installing and setting up a new computer system. ... Complex Instruction Set Computer – A computer based around a CISC microprocessor which has a complex (very large) instruction set for its assembly language. ... Computed value – The value of a number after a computer has processed it. It may be different from the actual value because of the introduction of errors from the computer system. Computer – A processor of information. ... Computer Aided Design – Use of computers to aid design and other related processes. Computer Aided Learning – Special interactive teaching packages. Computer Aided Manufacture – Use of computers to design and build artifacts. Computer Aided Software Engineering – Software to help with system analysis, design and testing. Computer crime – The process of using a computer to carry out criminal activities. Computer Misuse Act – Legislation introduced in 1990 to curb misuse of computers – e. ... Computer operator – A person who controls the day-to-day operation of the computer such as loading programs or putting paper in the printers – it’s a term usually associated with minis and mainframes. Computer Program – A set of instructions which tells the computer what to do. Computer Services Department – The data processing personnel for a company. ... Control system – The integration of a computer and other peripherals to control machinery at a plant. ... Conversational mode – An interactive system in which the computer and user are ‘talking’ , e. ... Cracker – A person who unlawfully brakes into a protected computer or file etc. Cracking – A term used to describe the process of unlawfully braking into a password protected computer or file etc. Crash (1) – The system being used has seized for some unknown reason, causing the user to reset the computer. ... CRAY – A computer manufacturer specializing in making ultra-fast supercomputers, e. ... Data – The raw material on which computer operates. ... Data capture – The general term for gathering data together to be fed into the computer system. ... Data entry staff – People in a data processing department who look after and enter the data into a computer system. ... Data logger – A device (and software) for interfacing a computer to specialist input devices such as pH sensors, for example. ... Data Protection Act 1998 – The government act that lays down guidelines for personal information stored in computer systems – it gives people the right to see stored data which affects them, and now includes extension specific to the Internet. ... DEC – The Digital Equipment Company – A major computer manufacturer. ... Default values – Sensible values chosen by the computer in the absence of other information from the user. ... PowerPC technology is still used in modern Apple computers, enabling them to perform incredible feats that other rivaling computer systems cannot even come close to resembling.

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Paper Information

Title: Computer Terms

Words: 6541
Rating: None
Pages: 26.2
submitted by: Shariefhusain1

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